Chronic breathlessness is a disabling and distressing condition for which there is a growing evidence base for a range of interventions. Non-pharmacological interventions are the mainstay of management and should be optimized prior to use of opioid medication. Opioids are being implemented variably in practice for chronic breathlessness. This narrative review summarises the evidence defining current opioids for breathlessness best practice and identifies remaining research gaps.
Johnson, M.J. & Currow D. C. 2020. Opioids for breathlessness: a narrative review. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 10 (3) p 287 - 295.
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